embolisation

EMST / ATLS Principles

Usually polytrauma

- 10% mortality

Aims

1. Volume replacement

2. Reduce pelvic ring

3. Stop exsanguination

- external stabilisation / surgery / embolisation

Associated Local Injuries

Arterial bleeders

Mirels Prediction system for Pathological Fracture

Clin Orthop 1989 

- 38 patients treated with DXRT without surgery 

- most breast cancer

- developed scoring system

- predicts post DXRT fracture risk in preDXRT long bones

- risk of fracture within 6 months 

- irradiated without fixation

Four risk factors