patterns

Injury

Classification Leffert "OCRO"

 

I Open

 

II Closed

 

A  Supraclavicular 

- Preganglionic / Avulsion of Roots

- Postganglionic / Rupture of Trunks

 

B Infraclavicular

- cords & branches

 

C.  Post anaesthetic

 

III Radiation / Other

 

Tumour

Spinal Tuberculosis

Epidemiology

 

Most common site for skeletal TB

- usually haematogenous spread

- can be direct from lung

 

3 patterns

 

1.  Peridiscal (50%) - originating in metaphyseal region

2.  Central - high incidence of vertebral collapse

3.  Anterior - instability less common with less bony destruction

 

Pathology

 

Affects multiple contiguous vertebrae

OA

Definition

 

No accepted definition

 

Chronic joint disorder in which there is progressive softening and disintegration of articular cartilage

- accompanied by new growth of cartilage and bone at the joint margins

- these changes secondary to mechanical failure of hyaline cartilage

 

Essentially no inflammatory component

 

Classification

 

Primary 

 

Idiopathic