Definition
Cystic structure lined by a mature capsule of dense fibrous tissue
- contains thick viscous fluid with a high mucopolysaccharide content
- fluid is a myxoid degeneration of synovial fluid
Epidemiology
Most common in young females
- peak age 15-30
- F:M = 3:1
Location
Most common hand
Foot
Knee- cruciate ligaments, meniscus
Etiology
Unclear
Numerous theories
- synovial herniation through capsular defect with development one way valve
- synovial rest
History
Lump
- appears suddenly or develop slowly
- subside with rest & enlarge with activity
MRI
Histology
Wall of fibrous connective tissue
- no true epithelial or synovial lining
- contents consist of hyaluronic acid / plasma proteins
Management
- Boneschool page: Hand Ganglion
- Boneschool page: Foot Ganglion
Options
Aspiration of cyst + injection cortisone
Excision
